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CVE-2023-32059

HIGH
Published 2023-05-11T21:01:11.456Z
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CVSS Score

V3.1
7.5
/10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Base Score Metrics
Exploitability: N/A Impact: N/A

EPSS Score

v2025.03.14
0.001
probability
of exploitation in the wild

There is a 0.1% chance that this vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days.

Updated: 2025-06-25
Exploit Probability
Percentile: 0.204
Higher than 20.4% of all CVEs

Attack Vector Metrics

Attack Vector
NETWORK
Attack Complexity
LOW
Privileges Required
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED

Impact Metrics

Confidentiality
NONE
Integrity
HIGH
Availability
NONE

Description

Vyper is a Pythonic smart contract language for the Ethereum virtual machine. Prior to version 0.3.8, internal calls with default arguments are compiled incorrectly. Depending on the number of arguments provided in the call, the defaults are added not right-to-left, but left-to-right. If the types are incompatible, typechecking is bypassed. The ability to pass kwargs to internal functions is an undocumented feature that is not well known about. The issue is patched in version 0.3.8.

Understanding This Vulnerability

This Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) entry provides detailed information about a security vulnerability that has been publicly disclosed. CVEs are standardized identifiers assigned by MITRE Corporation to track and catalog security vulnerabilities across software and hardware products.

The severity rating (HIGH) indicates the potential impact of this vulnerability based on the CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) framework. Higher severity ratings typically indicate vulnerabilities that could lead to more significant security breaches if exploited. Security teams should prioritize remediation efforts based on severity, exploit availability, and the EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) score, which predicts the likelihood of exploitation in the wild.

If this vulnerability affects products or systems in your infrastructure, we recommend reviewing the affected products section, checking for available patches or updates from vendors, and implementing recommended workarounds or solutions until a permanent fix is available. Organizations should also monitor security advisories and threat intelligence feeds for updates about active exploitation of this vulnerability.

Available Exploits

No exploits available for this CVE.

Related News

No news articles found for this CVE.

Affected Products

References

EU Vulnerability Database

Monitored by ENISA for EU cybersecurity

EU Coordination

EU Coordinated

Exploitation Status

No Known Exploitation

ENISA Analysis

Malicious code in bioql (PyPI)

Affected Products (ENISA)

vyperlang
vyper

ENISA Scoring

CVSS Score (3.1)

7.5
/10
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

EPSS Score

0.060
probability

Data provided by ENISA EU Vulnerability Database. Last updated: October 3, 2025

GitHub Security Advisories

Community-driven vulnerability intelligence from GitHub

✓ GitHub Reviewed HIGH

Vyper vulnerable to incorrect ordering of arguments for kwargs passed to internal calls

GHSA-ph9x-4vc9-m39g

Advisory Details

### Impact Internal calls to internal functions with more than 1 default argument are compiled incorrectly. Depending on the number of arguments provided in the call, the defaults are added not right-to-left, but left-to-right. If the types are incompatible, typechecking is bypassed. In the `bar()` function in the following code, `self.foo(13)` is compiled to `self.foo(13,12)` instead of `self.foo(13,1337)`. ```vyper @internal def foo(a:uint256 = 12, b:uint256 = 1337): pass @internal def bar(): self.foo(13) ``` note that at the time of publication, the ability to pass kwargs to internal functions is an undocumented feature that does not seem to be widely used. ### Patches patched in c3e68c302aa6e1429946473769dd1232145822ac ### Workarounds _Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?_ ### References _Are there any links users can visit to find out more?_

Affected Packages

PyPI vyper
ECOSYSTEM: ≥0 <0.3.8

CVSS Scoring

CVSS Score

7.5

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Advisory provided by GitHub Security Advisory Database. Published: May 12, 2023, Modified: November 19, 2024

References

Published: 2023-05-11T21:01:11.456Z
Last Modified: 2025-01-24T15:54:40.006Z
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